Gambling is an activity in which people risk something of value (either money or property) in the hope of gaining something of greater value. This activity has been a part of human culture throughout history. It is also known as gaming, betting and speculation. There are many different types of gambling, including horse racing, casino games, lotteries, keno, roulette, baccarat and blackjack. People gamble for fun, to socialize, and to relieve boredom. Some people are addicted to gambling, and it has serious ramifications for their physical and mental health.
Some studies have found that recreational gambling can improve a person’s sense of control, self-esteem and life satisfaction. These benefits are especially noticeable in older adults. However, there are many healthier ways to relieve unpleasant feelings and boredom than gambling, such as exercising, spending time with nongambling friends, taking up a hobby or practicing relaxation techniques.
The negative effects of gambling can be divided into personal, interpersonal and community/society levels. Personal impacts are those that affect the gambler directly, such as financial issues, increased stress, depression and relationship problems. Interpersonal impacts involve those who are affected by the gambler’s actions, such as family members, friends and work colleagues. Society/community level impacts are those that affect others outside of the gambler, such as crime rates, tourism and taxation issues.
Most research into gambling’s effects has focused on the monetary costs and benefits. However, a common problem with gross impact studies is that they ignore the non-monetary aspects of gambling. This results in a biased view of gambling’s costs and benefits. Social impact calculations based on the model of Williams and Walker may provide a more balanced view of gambling’s costs and benefits.
If you or someone you know has a gambling addiction, help is available. Speak with a mental health professional or call a Gamblers Anonymous meeting. Get rid of credit cards, make sure you have a reliable friend or family member keep track of your money, and limit online betting. You can also try hypnotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and meditation. Most importantly, seek support from others who have had similar experiences or are struggling with other addictions. Many families of people with gambling disorders are helped by joining a support group such as Gam-Anon.